{"id":196,"date":"2017-03-03T16:35:17","date_gmt":"2017-03-03T08:35:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.secondsend.com\/wordpress\/?p=196"},"modified":"2017-03-03T16:35:26","modified_gmt":"2017-03-03T08:35:26","slug":"%e5%88%9d%e8%af%86-linux-crontab","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.homconnect.cn\/?p=196","title":{"rendered":"\u521d\u8bc6 linux crontab"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u7b80\u5355\u5b9a\u4e49<\/h2>\n

cron(crond):\u4e00\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u65e5\u671f\u3001\u6708\u4efd\u3001\u661f\u671f\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u6765\u8c03\u5ea6\u91cd\u590d\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n

crontab(cron table):\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbe\u5b9acron\u670d\u52a1\u4efb\u52a1\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5de5\u5177<\/p>\n

\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h2>\n

*\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 command<\/p>\n

\u5206\u00a0\u00a0 \u65f6\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u65e5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u6708\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u5468\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n

.macros.h<\/p>\n

\u5206\uff1a0-59<\/p>\n

\u65f6\uff1a0-23<\/p>\n

\u65e5\uff1a1-31<\/p>\n

\u6708\uff1a1-12\u00a0\u00a0 \u6216 Jan,Feb,Mar,Apr,May,Jun,Jul,Aug,Sep,Oct,Nov,Dec<\/p>\n

\u5468\uff1a0-7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\u548c7\u8868\u793a\u5468\u65e5(7\u4e3a\u517c\u5bb9)\u6216 Sun,Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,Sat,Sun<\/p>\n

\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a.entry.c<\/p>\n

@reboot\u00a0\u00a0 \u91cd\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

@yearly\u6216@annually\u00a0 \u6bcf\u5e741\u67081\u65e50\u70b9\u6574\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e0 0 1 1 *<\/p>\n

@monthly\u00a0 \u6bcf\u67081\u65e50\u70b9\u6574\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53 \u4e8e0 0 1 * *<\/p>\n

@weekly\u00a0 \u6bcf\u661f\u671f\u59290\u70b9\u6574\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e0 0 * * 0<\/p>\n

@daily\u00a0 \u6bcf\u59290\u70b9\u6574\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e0 0 * * *<\/p>\n

@hourly\u00a0 \u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6\u6574\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53 \u4e8e0 * * * *<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u7279\u6b8a\u7b26\u53f7\uff1a<\/p>\n

* \u4efb\u4f55<\/p>\n

\/\u00a0 \u6bcf\u9047<\/p>\n

% \u6362\u884c<\/p>\n

,\u00a0\u00a0 \u5217\u8868<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0 \u8303\u56f4<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528<\/h2>\n

crontab -e\u00a0\u00a0 \u7f16\u8f91\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528vi\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c\u53ef\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cfVISUAL\u6216EDITOR\u6307\u5b9a\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u5668<\/p>\n

crontab -l\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u5df2\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u5217\u8868<\/p>\n

crontab -r\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u6e05\u7a7a\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u5df2\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u5217\u8868<\/p>\n

crontab filename\u00a0\u00a0 \u7528filename\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6765\u66ff\u6362\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u65f6\u5217\u8868<\/p>\n

crontab -u xxx [\u2013e\/l\/r\/\u2026, filename] \u00a0\u00a0root\u7528\u6237\u4e13\u7528\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbe\u5b9a\u67d0\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6<\/p>\n

\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n

man crontab<\/p>\n

\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u5217\u8868\u5b58\u653e\u4e8e\/var\/spool\/cron\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8root\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n

43 21 * * *\u00a0 21:43 \u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

15 05 * * * \u00a0 05:15 \u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

0 17 * * *\u00a0 17:00 \u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

0 17 * * 1\u00a0 \u6bcf\u5468\u4e00\u7684 17:00 \u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

0,10 17 * * 0,2,3\u00a0 \u6bcf\u5468\u65e5,\u5468\u4e8c,\u5468\u4e09\u7684 17:00\u548c 17:10 \u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

0-10 17 1 * * \u00a0 \u6bce\u67081\u65e5\u4ece 17:00\u52307:10 \u6bce\u96941\u5206\u949f \u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

0 0 1,15 * 1\u00a0 \u6bce\u67081\u65e5\u548c 15\u65e5\u548c \u4e00\u65e5\u7684 0:00 \u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

42 4 1 * * \u00a0 \u6bce\u67081\u65e5\u7684 4:42\u5206 \u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

0 21 * * 1-6\u00a0 \u5468\u4e00\u5230\u5468\u516d 21:00 \u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

0,10,20,30,40,50 * * * *\u00a0 \u6bcf\u969410\u5206 \u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

*\/10 * * * * \u00a0 \u6bcf\u969410\u5206 \u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

* 1 * * *\u00a0 \u4ece1:0\u52301:59 \u6bcf\u96941\u5206\u949f \u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

0 1 * * *\u00a0 1:00 \u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

0 *\/1 * * *\u00a0 \u6bce\u65f60\u5206 \u6bcf\u96941\u5c0f\u65f6 \u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

0 * * * *\u00a0 \u6bce\u65f60\u5206 \u6bcf\u96941\u5c0f\u65f6 \u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

2 8-20\/3 * * *\u00a0 8:02,11:02,14:02,17:02,20:02 \u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

30 5 1,15 * *\u00a0 1\u65e5 \u548c 15\u65e5\u7684 5:30 \u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

30 12 11 9 5 \u00a0 \u6bcf\u5468\u4e94\u6216\u6bcf\u5e74\u76849\u670811\u53f7 12\u70b930<\/p>\n

\u53ea\u662f\u73a9\u73a9\uff1a<\/p>\n

* * * * * \/bin\/date<\/p>\n

* * * * * sleep 20; \/bin\/date<\/p>\n

* * * * * sleep 40; \/bin\/date<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u6742\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n

\/var\/log\/cron\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u5df2\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6<\/p>\n

\u5b9a\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u6216\u9519\u8bef\u4f1a\u4ee5\u90ae\u4ef6\u5f62\u5f0f\u53d1\u7ed9MAILTO\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6216\u5730\u5740\u4e0a(mail \u2013u root)\uff0c\u82e5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06MAILTO\u8bbe\u4e3a\u7a7a\u6216\u8005\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u4e22\u5f03(> \/dev\/null 2>&1)<\/p>\n

\u53ea\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\u00a0\u00a0 date -s “2013-10-15 17:15:00\u201c<\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4 hwclock –hctosys<\/p>\n

\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/h2>\n

HOME<\/p>\n

PATH<\/p>\n

USER<\/p>\n

SHELL<\/p>\n

EDITOR<\/p>\n

VISUAL<\/p>\n

MAILTO<\/p>\n

\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n

\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49<\/p>\n

\u6743\u9650<\/h2>\n

A: \/etc\/cron.allow \u82e5\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u7528\u6237\u540d\u4e0d\u5728\u6b64\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528crontab\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n

B: \/etc\/cron.deny\u00a0 \u62d2\u7edd\u4f7f\u7528crontab\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u82e5\u6587\u4ef6A\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u5ffd\u7565\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/p>\n

C: \u5982\u679cA\u548cB\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u90a3\u4e48\u53ea\u6709root\u7528\u6237\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b9a\u65f6<\/p>\n

# touch \/etc\/cron.allow<\/p>\n

# useradd crontest<\/p>\n

# su – crontest<\/p>\n

$ crontab -e<\/p>\n

…<\/p>\n

# echo \u201ccrontest\u201d >> \/etc\/cron.allow<\/p>\n

\u2026<\/p>\n

$ crontab -e<\/p>\n

\u2026<\/p>\n

# echo \u201ccrontest\u201d >> \/etc\/cron.deny<\/p>\n

\u2026<\/p>\n

$ crontab \u2013 e<\/p>\n

\u2026<\/p>\n

# rm \/etc\/cron.allow<\/p>\n

\u2026<\/p>\n

$ crontab\u00a0 -e<\/p>\n

cron\u5b88\u62a4<\/h2>\n

\u542f\u52a8cron<\/p>\n

\u8bbe\u7f6e\u521d\u59cb\u65f6\u95f4
\n\u6267\u884creboot\u4efb\u52a1(\u5373@reboot\u7684\u4efb\u52a1)
\n\u2026\u2026
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u521d\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/p>\n

\u8f7d\u5165\/etc\/crontab
\n\u8f7d\u5165\/var\/spool\/cron\/xxx<\/p>\n

while(TRUE)\u5b88\u7740<\/p>\n

Sleep 65\u79d2\u5de6\u53f3
\n\u6536\u96c6\u5f85\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u5230\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217 & \u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217
\n\u68c0\u67e5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u662f\u5426\u6709\u66f4\u65b0<\/p>\n

cron\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/h2>\n

\u25c7\u7528\u6237<\/h3>\n

user
\nnext \u4e0b\u4e00\u7528\u6237
\nprev \u00a0\u4e0a\u4e00\u7528\u6237
\nname\u00a0 \u7528\u6237\u540d
\nmtime\u00a0 \u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u65f6\u5217\u8868\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4
\ncrontab\u00a0 \u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u65f6\u5217\u8868(entry)<\/p>\n

\u25c7\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u65f6\u5217\u8868<\/h3>\n

entry
\nnext\u00a0 \u4e0b\u4e00\u6761\u5b9a\u65f6
\npwd\u00a0\u00a0 \u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u5305\u542b\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3001ID\u3001\u7ec4ID\u3001\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u7b49
\nenvp\u00a0 \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf
\ncmd\u00a0 \u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4
\nminute[8] \u5206
\nhour[3] \u65f6
\ndom[4]\u65e5
\nmonth[2]\u6708
\ndow[1]\u5468
\n\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n

\u25c7cron\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h3>\n

cron_db
\nhead\u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237(\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55)
\ntail\u00a0 \u6700\u540e\u4e00\u7528\u6237(\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55)
\nmtime \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6700\u540e\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4(\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5373\/var\/spool\/cron\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4)<\/p>\n

\"TIP\"<\/p>\n

\u25c7\u4efb\u52a1<\/h3>\n

job
\nnext\u00a0 \u4e0b\u4e00\u4efb\u52a1
\ne\u00a0 \u5b9a\u65f6\u5217\u8868
\nu\u00a0 \u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n

\u25c7\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217<\/h3>\n

jhead \u961f\u5934(job)
\njtail\u00a0 \u961f\u5c3e(job)<\/p>\n

\u8f7d\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/h2>\n

\"TIP2\"<\/p>\n

\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d<\/h2>\n

1\u3001crontab.sh.php<\/p>\n

* * * * * \/bin\/sh \/xxx\/crontab.sh.php > \/dev\/null 2>&1<\/p>\n

2\u3001udp.sh.php<\/p>\n

* * * * * \/bin\/sh \/xxx\/udp.sh.php > \/dev\/null 2>&1<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u5176\u4ed6<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u7b80\u5355\u5b9a\u4e49 cron(crond):\u4e00\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u65e5\u671f\u3001\u6708\u4efd\u3001\u661f\u671f\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u6765\u8c03\u5ea6\u91cd\u590d\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b cront … \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb\u201c\u521d\u8bc6 linux crontab\u201d<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[2,3,15],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.homconnect.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/196"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.homconnect.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.homconnect.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.homconnect.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.homconnect.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=196"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/www.homconnect.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/196\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":200,"href":"http:\/\/www.homconnect.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/196\/revisions\/200"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.homconnect.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=196"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.homconnect.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=196"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.homconnect.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=196"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}